JONAS SALK AND ALBERT SABIN First day March of Dimes postal cover, Washington, Jan. 15, 1957, signed by both scientists. JONAS SALK (1914-1995) American physician and epidemiologist who developed the first vaccine against poliomyelitis. ALBERT B. SABIN (1906 - 1993) American medical researcher who is best-known for having developed the hugely successful oral vaccine for polio. Fine.